{"id":16185,"date":"2020-09-10T15:12:26","date_gmt":"2020-09-10T13:12:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/\/?post_type=weekly-briefing&p=16185"},"modified":"2020-10-09T11:43:15","modified_gmt":"2020-10-09T09:43:15","slug":"ipis-briefing-august-2020-persistent-violence-gold-rich-ituri-province-dr-congo-root-causes-impact-local-population","status":"publish","type":"weekly-briefing","link":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/nl\/weekly-briefing\/ipis-briefing-august-2020-persistent-violence-gold-rich-ituri-province-dr-congo-root-causes-impact-local-population\/","title":{"rendered":"IPIS Briefing August 2020 – Persistent violence in gold-rich Ituri Province, DR Congo : root causes and impact on local population"},"content":{"rendered":"

The IPIS briefing offers a selection of articles, news and updates on natural resources, armed conflict, Business & Human Rights and arms trade.\u00a0 Every month, an editorial and related publications shed a light on a specific topic in IPIS\u2019 areas of research.<\/em><\/p>\n

In focus: Persistent Violence In Gold-Rich Ituri Province, Dr Congo: Root Causes And Impact On Local Population.<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the news: Africa\u2019s (Modern) Slavery Problem; Pillage et massacres \u00e0 l\u2019est de la RDC : voici pourquoi Paul Kagam\u00e9 est accus\u00e9; Mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence: options of monitoring, enforcing and remedy under the future EU legislation.<\/strong><\/p>\n

New subscribers can register here<\/a> to receive the briefing and updates on IPIS\u2019 new maps and reports.<\/em><\/p>\n

This briefing is produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of IPIS and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

IN FOCUS:<\/h1>\n

PERSISTENT VIOLENCE IN GOLD-RICH ITURI PROVINCE, DR CONGO: ROOT CAUSES AND IMPACT ON LOCAL POPULATION<\/h1>\n

\u201cNineteen people killed by CODECO militiamen in Banyari Kilo\u201d (Radio Okapi<\/a>, 10\/10\/2020), is only one of many articles, recently published on recurrent killings in the Congolese gold-rich province of Ituri. \u00a0Since the end of 2017 deadly violence has flared up in Ituri, especially in its administrative territory of Djugu (and to a lesser extent also in the territories of Irumu and Mahagi), after a relatively long period of deceptive calm. According to UNHCR<\/a> about 1.7 million people have been displaced in Ituri in the last 2 years: just between March and June 2020 alone about 400,000 persons left their homes because of the violence. International organizations such as United Nations<\/a> and Human Rights Watch<\/a>, reported more than 1,100 killings since December 2017, as well as cases of sexual violence, and large scale and systematic destruction of houses, schools and medical centers in villages in rural Ituri (especially in Djugu). Simmering, long-standing tensions between Hema and Lendu communities underlie the recent outbreak of violence: most victims are members of the Hema community, but also Lendu were killed or kidnapped. Soldiers of the Congolese army (F<\/em>orces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo<\/em> or FARDC) and policemen (PNC) were killed in clashes with Lendu-militiamen, and army weapons were stolen. Elements of FARDC have reportedly attacked Lendu civilians<\/a> in retaliation for attacks by Lendu militia.<\/p>\n

Initially most assaults were attributed to unidentified Lendu youth militia, but later, authorities could link many of these attacks to an organization named \u201cCODECO\u201d (the name allegedly refers to the organization \u201cCoop\u00e9rative de D\u00e9veloppement Economique du Congo\u201d<\/em>, originally founded in the seventies as a sectarian agricultural cooperative). Other militia claimed to be part of Union des R\u00e9volutionnaires pour la D\u00e9fense du Peuple Congolais <\/em>(URDPC), however it is assumed that this coalition is part of CODECO (in recent communications the organization uses the name URDPC\/CODECO). According to a recent Crisis Group<\/a>report, CODECO has recruited, trained and radicalized Lendu youths, using anti-Hema hate speech. When in Septmber 2019, CODECO leaders started talks with the government about disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), a dissident faction called Sambaza<\/a>, decided to continue hostilities.<\/p>\n

Gold mining<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ituri holds rich gold deposits, with its main mining area running from western Djugu territory, north into western Mahagi territory (including the mines of Mongbwalu and Djalasiga), and some important mines in the territories of Mambasa and Irumu (the Ituri mining sites are part of the Kilo-Moto gold belt). Depending on the sources<\/a>, estimates on the number of miners<\/a> digging for gold in Ituri range from 60,000 to 150,000. Djugu seems to be the territory with the highest number of artisanal miners, while members of the Hema community represent the largest group of miners. From the socio-economic perspective<\/a>, artisanal gold mining is an important livelihood in Ituri, besides farming and animal husbandry, providing viable jobs in contexts where few profitable alternatives are available.<\/p>\n

Root causes of the conflict<\/strong><\/p>\n

The long-lasting tension in Ituri is often characterized as an ethnic conflict between Hema and Lendu communities. However, although ethnicity is an undeniable factor, the conflict has important social and economic dimensions, with social inequality and competition over access to natural resources such as land and minerals, as the main conflict drivers.<\/p>\n

Already in pre-colonial times Hema, originally pastoralists, established some political and economic dominance over Lendu, mainly agriculturalists. In order to optimize the colonial gold exploitation in the region around Kilo in present-day Djugu, Belgian colonial authorities created new tribal administrative entities, allowing them to rule more efficiently over local communities: Lendu and Hema were organized in separate chiefdoms, institutionalizing thus inter-group differences<\/a>. Moreover, under colonial rule, Hema achieved favorable access to education and employment in the local administration, and mining and farming business, enabling Hema-elites to consolidate their political and economic dominance<\/a>. The nationalization policy implemented by president Mobutu, aggravated tensions: the Bakajika law declared all land and mineral resources state property, annulling concessions granted before independence, as well as customary land rights. Hema elites benefitted from this due to their political ties with the Mobutu administration, acquiring land in what was previously considered as Lendu area<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The war within a war<\/strong><\/p>\n

During the second Congo war (1998-2002) the inter-communal conflict escalated dramatically in Ituri (then a district of the province of Orientale), not in the least as a result of armed foreign intervention. What in 1999 started as a local dispute about land ownership, deteriorated into large-scale violent clashes between Hema and Lendu. The Ugandan army (Ugandan People\u2019s Defense Forces <\/em>or UPDF) bore significant responsibility for the exacerbation of the conflict. Ugandan soldiers stationed in Ituri during the military campaign against Mobutu (1996-1997) started exploiting gold from the Kilo-Moto mining area. However, the political and economic involvement of UPDF became much more systematic and far-reaching in 1999, when the Ugandan general James Kazini created the province of Kibali-Ituri with a Hema as governor, gaining thus control over mineral-rich areas and trans-border commodity traffic. Non-Hema communities perceived this alternative power structure based on local networks of Hema-elites, as a threat of being excluded from political and economic decision-making<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Hema and Lendu elites formed militia, which fought each other in Djugu and Irumu; the most important ones were the Hema-movement Union des Patriotes Congolais <\/em>(UPC), and two closely linked Lendu-dominated groups, Front des Nationalistes Int\u00e9grationnistes<\/em> (FNI) and Front de R\u00e9sistance Patriotique en Ituri<\/em> (FRPI). Bernard Kakado<\/a>, then leader of the agricultural organization CODECO, was considered the spiritual father of FRPI. These armed groups were instrumentalized by Uganda and its rival Rwanda, fighting their proxy wars in eastern DRC during the second Congo war. The UPDF armed both Hema and Lendu militia. The International Court of Justice (ICJ), in its 2005 judgment (DR Congo vs. Uganda), concluded that there was \u201cpersuasive evidence that the UPDF incited ethnic conflicts and took no action to prevent such conflicts in Ituri district\u201d, and with the sole reason to gain access to gold deposits and other natural resources. The ICJ thus concluded \u201cofficers and soldiers of the UPDF, including the most high-ranking officers, were involved in the looting, plundering and exploitation of the DRC\u2019s natural resources and \u2026 the military authorities did not take any measures to put an end to these acts\u201d. Even the Ugandan Judicial Commission of Inquiry into Allegations into Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources<\/a> and Other Forms of Wealth in the Democratic Republic of Congo (abbreviated to Porter Commission) had to acknowledge in its 2002 final report that \u201ca massive smuggling of gold\u201d from Ituri by UPDF officers had been taking place. In 2004 the warring parties signed a peace agreement to start a demobilization and reintegration process, although it lasted until 2020 before FRPI laid down the weapons.<\/p>\n

Impact on local populations<\/strong><\/p>\n

The UN Group of Experts<\/a> to the DRC attributes the current resurgence of violence to persistent disputes over land and administrative limits between communities, and to unresolved issues from the 1999-2003 war. Deadly violence seems to continue and even spills over into the territory of Aru despite the fact that (a) CODECO leader Justin Ngudjolo was killed by FARDC in March 2020, (b) that the organization seems to suffer from internal power struggles, (c) that Tshisekedi\u2019s government started negotiations with CODECO, and (d) that some factions seemingly accepted a cease-fire. Either way, the embryonic peace process remains precarious: on 4 September 2020 CODECO militiamen left the village where they were quartered pending their participation in the DDR process, and entered (peacefully, but armed with firearms) Bunia, the provincial capital, to claim material support from the local government.<\/p>\n

Many people in Ituri, in particularly in Djugu, make a living out of gold mining and farming. Farmers<\/a> are unable to work their land due to the violence, and food and basic commodity prices on local markets are increasing. The artisanal mining sector is also directly affected by the persistent conflict. Suspected CODECO militiamen have attacked several villages near gold mines in Djugu territory, such as Mongbwalu, Lisey, Amema, Limani, Fataki, Gina, Risasi, and Djatsi. In the last week of August the gold mine of Chaba in Aru<\/a> was attacked, causing the displacement of 3,000 households according to a local civil society organization. Other incursions attributed to CODECO militiamen, into gold mining sites in Ituri, were reported in the past weeks through the \u2018Kufatilia\u2019<\/a> mobile phone-based incident reporting system developed by IPIS and Ulula: mine sites near Kunda in Irumu territory (and subsequent clashes with FARDC) were attacked in August and September, causing the displacement of local population to Bunia; incursions were reported in several gold mines in the zone of Banyali Kilo, in Djugu, in July; a mine near the village of Kilo in Djugu, was pillaged and several miners killed, in June.<\/p>\n

Due to the unpredictable incursions by armed groups, artisanal mines have become very unsafe workplaces. In addition, the ethnic connotation of the conflict has aggravated tensions and distrust between local communities, undermining further the fragile social fabric in Ituri.<\/p>\n

Erik Gobbers<\/p>\n

FURTHER READING<\/h2>\n

RDC: l’impatience des miliciens pr\u00eats rendre les armes<\/a> | 7 September 2020 | La Libre Belgique<\/p>\n

A quel prix rendre les armes en Ituri et au Kivu ? Les miliciens pr\u00eats \u00e0 saisir la main tendue du pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo menacent de s’impatienter faute d’obtenir leurs garanties habituelles: argent, amnistie et int\u00e9gration dans l’arm\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

RDC: des miliciens Codeco font une incursion \u00e0 Bunia<\/u><\/a> | 4 September 2020 | RFI<\/p>\n

Des dizaines de miliciens Codeco ont circul\u00e9 dans la ville de Bunia, en Ituri, ce vendredi matin. Ils \u00e9taient venus pour demander la lib\u00e9ration de leurs coll\u00e8gues d\u00e9tenus et sont rest\u00e9s quelques heures autour de la prison, avant de se retirer de la ville suite \u00e0 des discussions avec les autorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Ituri : Situation confuse \u00e0 Bunia, des pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s rebelles CODECO en direction du centre ville (soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile)<\/u><\/a> | 4 September 2020 | l’Interview.cd<\/p>\n

La situation est tendue depuis la matin\u00e9e de ce vendredi 04 septembre dans le centre ville de Bunia, Chef-lieu de la province de l\u2019Ituri \u00e0 l\u2019Est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Pour cause, des hommes arm\u00e9s assimil\u00e9s aux rebelles pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s Coop\u00e9rative pour le D\u00e9veloppement du Congo (CODECO) prennent la direction du centre ville de Bunia, en passant par la prison centrale.<\/p>\n

Ituri : la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, les forces vives et plusieurs notabilit\u00e9s soutiennent la mission de paix des ex-seigneurs de guerre<\/u><\/a> | 2 September 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

Au regard de la mont\u00e9e de l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 en Ituri, le Chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat, F\u00e9lix Antoine Tshisekedi, a d\u00e9p\u00each\u00e9 une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation des ex-seigneurs de guerre ayant op\u00e9r\u00e9 auparavant dans cette province pour y n\u00e9gocier la paix.<\/p>\n

Ituri : un militaire tu\u00e9 par des hommes arm\u00e9s sur la route Kasenyi<\/u><\/a> | 2 September 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

Un militaire des Forces arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC) a \u00e9t\u00e9 abattu mardi 1er septembre 2020 vers 19 heures sur la route Kasenyi-Bunia, dans le territoire d\u2019Irumu en Ituri.<\/p>\n

RDC : la milice CODECO multiplie des exactions sur les bouviers \u00e0 Djugu<\/u><\/a> | 1 September 2020 | Radio Okapi<\/p>\n

Les attaques des \u00e9l\u00e9ments du groupe arm\u00e9 CODECO sur des bouviers s\u2019intensifient dans plusieurs villages du territoire de Djugu en Ituri. Trois \u00e9leveurs sont entre la vie et la mort dans le groupement Tambaki en chefferie de Bahema Banywagi.<\/p>\n

Ituri : Un d\u00e9tachement de la milice CODECO aper\u00e7u dans l\u2019escarpement Blukwa vers Kobu<\/u><\/a> | 31 August 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

La population locale du territoire de Djugu dans la zone Kobu assiste \u00e0 des sc\u00e9narios peu communs. Depuis le 28 Ao\u00fbt dernier une centaine de miliciens CODECO ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vus dans la localit\u00e9 de Blukwa, en territoire de Djugu avant de se d\u00e9ployer dans la zone de Kobu, plus \u00e0 l\u2019ouest.<\/p>\n

RDC: des miliciens signent un accord de cessez-le-feu mais beaucoup reste \u00e0 faire<\/a> | 25 August 2020 | RFI<\/p>\n

Les ex-seigneurs de guerre envoy\u00e9s d\u00e9but juillet dans la province de l\u2019Ituri par F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi pour n\u00e9gocier un cessez-le-feu avec les miliciens de la Codeco sont optimistes par rapport aux r\u00e9sultats \u00e0 mi-parcours de leur travail. Mais au-del\u00e0 de l\u2019optimisme affich\u00e9, la situation est beaucoup plus complexe dans cette r\u00e9gion. Bien plus, ces miliciens n\u2019ob\u00e9issent pas \u00e0 un seul commandement et ne sont pas clairs sur les revendications.<\/p>\n

RDC-Djugu : plus de 10.000 miliciens de CODECO pr\u00eats \u00e0 d\u00e9poser les armes, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la Pr\u00e9sidence<\/u><\/a> | 21 August 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la Pr\u00e9sidence de la R\u00e9publique engag\u00e9e dans les n\u00e9gociations depuis d\u00e9but juillet avec les miliciens de CODECO, dans le territoire de Djugu (Ituri), a affirm\u00e9 jeudi 20 ao\u00fbt que plus de 10 000 combattants sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 d\u00e9poser les armes apr\u00e8s la signature d\u2019acte d’engagement pour la paix.<\/p>\n

Tueries en Ituri : les groupes et bandits arm\u00e9s appel\u00e9s \u00e0 d\u00e9poser les armes afin de contribuer aux efforts de r\u00e9stauration de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat (FARDC) <\/u><\/a>| 12 August 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

Les forces arm\u00e9es d\u00e9ploy\u00e9es dans le secteur op\u00e9rationnel de l\u2019Ituri appellent, dans une communication faite ce mercredi 12 ao\u00fbt \u00e0 POLITICO.CD par sa cellule de communication et de sensibilisation, tous les groupes et bandits arm\u00e9s, auteurs de plusieurs atrocit\u00e9s dans la province de l\u2019Ituri de r\u00e9pondre positivement \u00e0 l\u2019appel du Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique, F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi, de d\u00e9poser les armes et de rejoindre les centres de regroupements pr\u00e9vus.<\/p>\n

RDC-Ituri : des militaires pr\u00e9occup\u00e9s \u00e0 percevoir des taxes sur l\u2019axe Iga Barierre-Mugbalu \u00e0 Djugu<\/u><\/a> | 12 August 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

Des militaires congolais ont \u00e9rig\u00e9 plusieurs barri\u00e8res pour percevoir des taxes sur l\u2019axe Iga Barierre-Mugbalu, au nord de Bunia, dans le territoire de Djugu. Des passagers disent \u00eatre somm\u00e9s de payer jusqu\u2019\u00e0 5 000 FC \u00e0 chaque barri\u00e8re. Ils appellent les militaires \u00e0 traquer des miliciens CODECO plut\u00f4t que de se contenter \u00e0 faire la fortune.<\/p>\n

RDC: cinq morts en Ituri dans une attaque de la milice Codeco<\/u><\/a> | 10 August 2020 | La Libre Afrique<\/p>\n

Cinq personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es dimanche par des miliciens de la secte ethnico-mystique Coop\u00e9rative pour le d\u00e9veloppement du Congo (Codeco) dans la province de l\u2019Ituri, dans le nord-est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC), a rapport\u00e9 le m\u00e9dia en ligne Actualit\u00e9.cd, citant des sources locales. \u201cLes miliciens ont attaqu\u00e9 le village Liseyi (situ\u00e9 dans le territoire de Djugu, au nord du chef-lieu de la province, Bunia) vers 06h00 du matin. Ils ont op\u00e9r\u00e9 pendant plusieurs heures suite \u00e0 l\u2019absence de l\u2019arm\u00e9e. Nous avons pr\u00e9sentement un bilan de cinq personnes d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9es, dont quatre hommes et une femme (\u2026). Il y a \u00e9galement plusieurs maisons qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incendi\u00e9es\u201d, a indiqu\u00e9 le pr\u00e9sident de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile locale, Honor\u00e9 Kahambu, \u00e0 Actualit\u00e9.cd.<\/p>\n

RDC-Ituri : les chefs des diff\u00e9rentes factions de la milice CODECO s\u2019engagent pour la paix \u00e0 <\/a>Djugu<\/a><\/u> | 4 August 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la pr\u00e9sidence de la r\u00e9publique charg\u00e9e de n\u00e9gocier avec la milice CODECO a affirm\u00e9 \u00eatre parvenu \u00e0 la signature samedi 1 ao\u00fbt dernier d\u2019un acte engagement pour la paix par plusieurs leaders des factions dudit groupe arm\u00e9. La c\u00e9r\u00e9monie s\u2019est tenue au village Lodjo, dans le secteur de Walendu pitsi o\u00f9 les groupuscules des miliciens ont \u00e9rig\u00e9 leur quartier g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n

Ituri : certains leaders de CODECO s\u2019engagent \u00e0 d\u00e9poser les armes<\/u><\/a> | 3 August 2020 | Radio Okapi<\/p>\n

Certains leaders du groupe arm\u00e9 l\u2019Union des r\u00e9volutionnaires pour la d\u00e9fense du Peuple Congolais (URDPC) dit CODECO, s\u2019engagent \u00e0 d\u00e9poser les armes et \u00e0 cesser les hostilit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Quinze miliciens condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 20 ans de prison en Ituri<\/a> | 29 July 2020 | VOA<\/p>\n

Quinze miliciens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 20 ans de prison pour leur “participation \u00e0 un mouvement insurrectionnel” en 2019 en Ituri dans le nord-est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, a-t-on appris mercredi aupr\u00e8s de la justice militaire congolaise.<\/p>\n

RDC-Ituri : d\u2019autres vagues de miliciens de CODECO d\u00e9cident de faire la paix \u00e0 Djugu<\/a> | 29 July 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

Plusieurs miliciens de CODECO ont d\u00e9cid\u00e9 la semaine derni\u00e8re de quitter la brousse pour amorcer le processus de paix \u00e0 la suite des discussions avec les membres de la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la Pr\u00e9sidence de la r\u00e9publique. Il s’agit des miliciens des bastions de Allah et Katanga dans le territoire de Djugu.<\/p>\n

Ituri: les FARDC d\u00e9noncent un arrangement entre des \u00e9leveurs et les miliciens de la CODECO<\/a> | 29 July 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

L\u2019arrangement entre certains \u00e9leveurs et les miliciens de la CODECO, ayant abouti \u00e0 la restitution par ces derniers d\u2019une partie des vaches pill\u00e9es moyennant une caution de 20.000 USD gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la m\u00e9diation d\u2019un militaire loyaliste, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9, lundi 27 juillet 2020, par le porte-parole du secteur op\u00e9rationnel des FARDC en Ituri, le lieutenant Jules Ngongo.<\/p>\n

RDC-Ituri: l’arm\u00e9e “indign\u00e9e” des arrangements entre les populations et miliciens de Codeco pour la restitution des vaches vol\u00e9es \u00e0 Djugu<\/a> | 28 July 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

Les Forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC) se sont indign\u00e9es concernant les arrangements sur la restitution de vaches pill\u00e9es par les miliciens de Codeco \u00e0 Penyi dans la chefferie de Bahema Banywangi (Djugu) le 23 juillet dernier.<\/p>\n

Ituri: attaque des miliciens FPIC dans plusieurs localit\u00e9s de Bahema d\u2019Irumu<\/a> | 24 July 2020 | Mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

La chefferie de Bahema d\u2019Irumu a enregistr\u00e9 depuis ce jeudi 23 juillet 2020 plusieurs attaques des miliciens FPIC, connus sous le nom de \u00ab Chini ya Kilima \u00bb dans au moins 4 localit\u00e9s diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n

Le conflit en Ituri pourrait avoir de multiples r\u00e9percussions (rapport International Crisis)<\/a> | 19 July 2020 | Le potentiel<\/p>\n

L’ONG International crisis group craint que le conflit en Ituri n\u2019ait de multiples r\u00e9percussions. C’est ce qu’elle a indiqu\u00e9 dans son rapport publi\u00e9 mardi 15 juillet, o\u00f9 cette ONG internationale indique que les violences qui ont frapp\u00e9 la province ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 attir\u00e9 certains acteurs violents du Nord-Kivu voisin, \u00e9picentre de l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans l\u2019Est du Congo.<\/p>\n

DR Congo: Ending the Cycle of Violence in Ituri<\/a> | 15 July 2020 | International Crisis Group<\/p>\n

Since late 2017, armed groups, predominantly from the Lendu ethnic farming community, have committed deadly attacks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo\u2019s Ituri province. Initial targets were members of the neighbouring Hema community, who are mostly herders, and the Congolese armed forces. But attacks are now increasingly indiscriminate.<\/p>\n

Ituri: en 3 ans de violences, le territoire de Djugu est presque \u00e0 l\u2019agonie<\/a> | 28 June 2020 | buniaactualite.com<\/p>\n

Cela fait presque trois ans depuis le d\u00e9but des atrocit\u00e9s attribu\u00e9es \u00e0 la milice CODECO dans le territoire de Djugu situ\u00e9 au Nord de la ville de Bunia en Ituri. Sous la facilitation de la Monusco, une \u00e9quipe de buniaactualite.com a effectu\u00e9 une mission d\u2019\u00e9valuation s\u00e9curitaire et de l\u2019impact de l\u2019action des casques bleus engag\u00e9s aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019arm\u00e9e congolaise, dans la lourde t\u00e2che de r\u00e9tablissement de la paix dans cette partie du pays.<\/p>\n

UN warns of possible war crimes in northeastern Congo<\/a> | 28 May 2020 | Reuters<\/p>\n

Widespread and systematic killings, beheadings, rape and other barbaric acts by militia mostly from the ethnic Lendu community in northeastern Congo may constitute crimes against humanity and war crimes, the United Nations said on Wednesday.<\/p>\n

Rebel splits and failed peace talks drive new violence in Congo\u2019s Ituri<\/a> | 5 May 2020 | The New Humanitarian<\/p>\n

When hundreds of militiamen arrived in January at a government-run demobilisation camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo\u2019s northeastern province of Ituri, there was a flicker of hope that more than two years of conflict might be abating.<\/p>\n

Observations on the impact of COVID-19 measures on operational capacity on behalf of the former child soldiers. In the Case of the Prosecutor v. Bosco Ntaganda, ICC-01\/04-02\/06<\/a> | 21 April 2020 | Office of Public Counsel for Victims | International Criminal Court<\/p>\n

On 8 July 2019, the Chamber found Mr Ntaganda guilty of 18 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity. On 25 July 2019, the Single Judge issued the \u201cOrder for preliminary information on reparations\u201d, requesting the Registry to submit observations on a number of issues. The Single Judge noted that the Chamber intended to order the legal representatives of victims, the Defence, the Office of the Prosecutor, the Registry and the Trust Fund for Victims to submit observations on reparations six weeks after the issuance of the Chamber\u2019s sentencing decision pursuant to Article 76 of the Rome Statute.<\/p>\n

Djugu: les derni\u00e8res attaques au bord du lac Albert s\u00e9raient l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019un nouveau groupe arm\u00e9 d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 \u00ab Sambaza \u00bb<\/a> | 22 December 2019 | BuniaActualite.com<\/p>\n

Trois localit\u00e9s du littoral du lac Albert, en territoire de Djugu, parmi eux Cur\u00e9, Gochukpu et Landa dans le groupement Penyi, secteur de Walendu Tatsi ont \u00e9t\u00e9 la cible d\u2019une attaque la matin\u00e9e de ce vendredi 20 d\u00e9cembre 2019 qui a fait au total 13 morts et deux bless\u00e9s graves.<\/p>\n

Rapport mensuel de monitoring de protection Ituri: Septembre 2019<\/a> | 19 October 2019 | UNHCR | ReliefWeb<\/p>\n

706 incidents de protection ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collect\u00e9s et document\u00e9s au cours de ce mois de septembre 2019, contre 1033 incidents au mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt 2019. Il se d\u00e9gage une baisse de 327 incidents, soit de moins 32%. La multiplication des patrouilles des \u00e9l\u00e9ments des Forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC) dans les territoires de Djugu et Irumu et la multiplication des sensibilisations men\u00e9es par les leaders communautaires, la MONUSCO et les autorit\u00e9s \u00e9tatiques sur la paix dans le territoire de Djugu, auraient contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 cette baisse.<\/p>\n

Mystery militia sows fear \u2013 and confusion \u2013 in Congo\u2019s long-suffering Ituri<\/a> | 13 August 2019 | The New Humanitarian<\/p>\n

The general hospital in Tchomia is not designed for medical emergencies. The shabby, single-storey clinic in the Democratic Republic of Congo\u2019s northeastern Ituri province has no X-ray machine, no defibrillator, and barely enough doctors and nurses to get through the day.<\/p>\n

Reigniting Ituri? Towards a reading of the 2018 Djugu violence<\/a> | 25 March 2019 | PAX<\/p>\n

More than ten years after the end of the Ituri War in DRC, Ituri province is experiencing renewed violence that started early 2018, with a spate of mysterious attacks and massacres in the Territory of Djugu, located at the geographical centre of Ituri. The security situation in and around Djugu deteriorated significantly and a series of violent attacks, massacres and villages burnings engulfed the area. The Djugu crisis forced over 100.000 people out of their homes, and hundreds have been killed.<\/p>\n

IN THE NEWS<\/h1>\n

BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS<\/h2>\n

Apple refreshes and expands commitment to human rights<\/u><\/a> | 4 September 2020 | AppleInsider<\/p>\n

Our Commitment to Human Rights<\/u><\/a> (pdf) | September 2020 | Apple<\/p>\n

Following concerns from its shareholders about Apple allegedly aiding China censorship, the company has published a formal document stating its commitment to upholding human rights.<\/p>\n

Global Gold Supply Chains Just Got Riskier<\/u><\/a> | 1 September 2020 | HRW<\/p>\n

The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented impacts on gold supply chains, creating risks that should prompt companies to reassess their supply chains for emerging human rights impacts.<\/p>\n

Mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence: options of monitoring, enforcing and remedy under the future EU legislation<\/u><\/a> | 1 September 2020 | EJIL:Talk<\/p>\n

In 2020 the EU Commissioner for Justice, Didier Reynders expressed a commitment to legislate mandatory human rights and environmental due diligence obligations for EU companies. This commitment in turn flows from the EU and member states\u2019 support for the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) which call for all businesses to undertake due diligence to operationalise their corporate responsibility to respect human rights \u2013 as well as for states to adopt a \u2018smart mix\u2019 of legislative and other regulatory measures \u2018to prevent, investigate, punish and redress\u2019 business-related human rights abuses.<\/p>\n

Angola to join oil and extractives transparency group<\/u><\/a> | 30 August 2020 | Reuters<\/p>\n

Angola plans to join the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international effort to fight corruption in revenues from oil, gas and mineral extraction.<\/p>\n

Improving The Conditions Of Informal Cobalt Mines\u2014And Opportunities For Local Communities<\/u><\/a> | 29 August 2020 | Forbes<\/p>\n

In countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which supplies much of the world\u2019s supply of cobalt, there\u2019s a large, informal mining sector that\u2019s also highly hazardous, with few safety precautions and a lot of child labor.<\/p>\n

The Kimberley Process: Alleviating Poverty in the Diamond Trade<\/a> | 29 August 2020 | Borgen Magazine<\/p>\n

Some of the most notable African conflicts in past decades have been driven by the race to obtain resources, especially diamonds. Profits from the diamond trade are often inequitably distributed between those in power and the miners. These power tensions among lucrative diamond mines played a significant role in the outbreak of the Sierra Leone Civil War, according to the Enough Project. Such tragic consequences to power conflicts in the diamond industry have been prevalent in media in recent years through films like \u201cBlood Diamond\u201d starring Leonardo DiCaprio and have stimulated initiatives like the Kimberley Process to discourage the mining of \u201cconflict\u201d or \u201cblood\u201d diamonds. Ultimately, this violence not only undermines political stability and economic growth, but it also hinders progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as eliminating poverty.<\/p>\n

Apple & other tech giants seek dismissal of cobalt mine child labor suit <\/u><\/a>| 27 August 2020 | Apple Insider<\/p>\n

Apple, in conjunction with Dell, Google, Microsoft, and Tesla have requested a dismissal of a class-action suit alleging tech companies have knowingly exploited underage labor in local mining for cobalt, used in lithium-ion batteries. The quintet were been named in December in a lawsuit alleging the exploitation of underage labor in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).<\/p>\n

Africa\u2019s (Modern) Slavery Problem<\/u><\/a> | 21 August 2020 | Global Security Review<\/p>\n

From rubies in Mozambique to emeralds in Zambia, opals in Australia, and Jade in Myanmar, the mining industry is undergoing an extraction renaissance that is as profitable as it is contentious. While concerns over environmental degradation, population displacement, employment of slave and child labor contribute to the fracturing of communities and exacerbate internal rifts and vulnerabilities of already fragile states, questions of whether or not mining is good for social and economic development grow in proportion and relevance.<\/p>\n

Intel Travels to Africa to Closely Track Responsibly Sourced Tech Minerals<\/u><\/a> | 20 August 2020 | Businesswire<\/p>\n

Standing beside a rutted red dirt road at about 5,000 feet up in the jungled mountains of northern Rwanda, Intel\u2019s Adam Schafer explains in four words why he and a teammate had traveled from Oregon to this especially remote part of Central Africa.<\/p>\n

Tiffany, Unilever Create New Standards for Supply Chain Transparency<\/a> | 20 August 2020 | SustainableBrands<\/p>\n

This week, Tiffany & Co. announced that it will take an industry-first step in diamond traceability by sharing the full craftsmanship journey of its newly sourced, individually registered diamonds (0.18 carats or larger), starting in October.<\/p>\n

Uganda joins Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative<\/a> | 14 August 2020 | Eagle Online<\/p>\n

Uganda has joined Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), a global standard group promoting the openness and accountable management of oil, gas and mineral resources. Uganda\u2019s application to join the EITI, was approved by the organization\u2019s board of directors, making it the 54th Member State and the 26th in Africa.<\/p>\n

Ammonium Nitrate Blew Up Beirut. It Also Fuels Africa\u2019s Most Dangerous Illegal Mines<\/a> | 13 August 2020 | The Daily Beast<\/p>\n

The ammonium nitrate that incinerated Beirut was bound for Mozambique, where explosives often end up on the black market for mining operations with dubious human-rights records.<\/p>\n

RCS Global & Responsible Minerals Institute expand DRC cobalt & copper Better Mining artisanal mine monitoring program<\/u><\/a> | 13 August 2020 | International Mining<\/p>\n

RCS Global Group and the Responsible Minerals Initiative (RMI) have announced the expansion of the Better Mining artisanal and small-scale mine (ASM) monitoring program to additional cobalt and copper mine sites in the Lualaba province in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The expansion will begin with the immediate addition of a mine site near Likasi followed by a fifth site currently under evaluation. Better Mining and the RMI aim to scale the program to 12 sites across the DRC by 2023.<\/p>\n

Many German firms ignore partners’ human rights abuses<\/u><\/a> | 12 August 2020 | DW<\/p>\n

German companies are not doing enough to ensure their foreign partners respect human rights, according to a government survey. The findings come amid renewed calls for a global supply chain law to protect workers.<\/p>\n

The EU\u2019s fight against fashion\u2019s forced labour supply chain<\/u><\/a> | 3 August 2020 | VogueBusiness<\/p>\n

EU Parliament member Rapha\u00ebl Glucksmann, who is behind a social media campaign raising awareness on the connection between fashion and Uighur forced labour, explains why EU legislation is essential to stop human rights abuses in the supply chain.<\/p>\n

Conflict minerals: Which gaming companies may have funded human rights abuses in 2019?<\/u><\/a> | 3 August 2020 | Gamesindustry.biz<\/p>\n

Every year, US tech companies are required to report with the Securities and Exchange Commission on their efforts to ensure that the materials used in their products didn’t originate in areas of the world where that business may have inadvertently funded human rights abuses. And every year, reading through these reports means drowning in a veritable flood of disclaimers. Here are a few examples from 2019’s reports.<\/p>\n

Kenyan tea workers file UN complaint against Unilever over 2007 ethnic violence<\/u><\/a> | 1 August 2020 | The Guardian<\/p>\n

A group of 218 Kenyan tea plantation workers have filed a complaint with the UN against Unilever, alleging that the multinational violated international human rights standards by not adequately assisting its employees, who were attacked when ethnic violence broke out following a disputed election in 2007.<\/p>\n

Iran, China and the Djibouti experience<\/a> | 31 July 2020 | Modern Diplomacy<\/p>\n

With the escalation of US sanctions against Iran after the withdrawal of Donald Trump from the nuclear deal between two countries and lower oil prices in world markets, Iran\u2019s oil revenues, which is the main source of its income, have fallen sharply and has increased inflation and recession in the country. To deal with such problems; Iran is seeking new incomes to expand its cooperation with China and is currently seeking to finalize a 25-year trade cooperation agreement with China.<\/p>\n

NATURAL RESOURCES<\/h2>\n

Ethical Supply: The Search for Cobalt Beyond the Congo<\/u><\/a> | 1 September 2020 | VisualCapitalist<\/p>\n

Each new generation finds new uses for materials, and cobalt is no exception. Historically, potters and painters used cobalt as dye to color their work. Today, a new cobalt supply chain is emerging to build the next generation of clean energy. However, there is lack of transparency surrounding the current supply chain for cobalt, as the metal is subject to a number of ethical issues from its main country of production\u2014the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Today\u2019s infographic comes to us from Fuse Cobalt and uncovers the potential for new sources of cobalt beyond the Congo.<\/p>\n

Constant Mutamba : \u201cla RDC perd pr\u00e8s de 100 milliards USD chaque ann\u00e9e dans la fraude mini\u00e8re\u201d<\/a> | 31 August 2020 | ZoomEco<\/p>\n

Secteur minier congolais : 100 milliards USD de perte annuelle due \u00e0 la fraude !<\/a> | 3 September 2020 | ScoopRDC.net<\/p>\n

Le mandataire en mines, Constant Mutamba estime que la Rd Congo, son pays, enregistre un manque \u00e0 gagner de pr\u00e8s de 100 milliards de dollars am\u00e9ricains chaque ann\u00e9e. Partant des exemples chiffr\u00e9s, il d\u00e9montre, dans une analyse, combien la fraude mini\u00e8re absorbe la quasi-totalit\u00e9 de recettes mini\u00e8res du pays.<\/p>\n

RDC: le magnat belge Forrest c\u00e8de la plus vielle banque congolaise \u00e0 un groupe kenyan<\/a> | 12 August 2020 | La Libre Eco<\/p>\n

Le millionnaire belge George Forrest, actionnaire majoritaire de la plus ancienne banque priv\u00e9e de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo a vendu ses parts \u00e0 la firme k\u00e9nyane Equity group holdings, selon un communiqu\u00e9 du groupe k\u00e9nyan publi\u00e9 mercredi.<\/p>\n

Rhino poaching in Namibia down 63% on tougher policing, penalties <\/a>| 11 August 2020 | DefenceWeb<\/p>\n

Rhino poaching fell 63% year-on-year in Namibia, the ministry of environment said on Friday, citing intensified intelligence operations by authorities and tougher sentences and fines for poachers.<\/p>\n

RDC : Les Mandataires en Mines et carri\u00e8res \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve de la pratique !<\/a> | 10 August 2020 | ScoopRDC.net<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9sente \u00e9tude qui s\u2019inscrit dans le cadre de la campagne de vulgarisation du code minier r\u00e9vis\u00e9, initi\u00e9e par le Ministre des mines, se pr\u00e9sente comme notre modeste contribution \u00e0 la d\u00e9finition du r\u00f4le des mandataires en mines et carri\u00e8res dans le code minier r\u00e9vis\u00e9, face \u00e0 la pratique en R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/p>\n

On Rare Earths, the Pentagon Is Making the Same Mistake Twice<\/a> | 10 August 2020 | Defense One<\/p>\n

The Pentagon, which peers beyond the horizon using radars powered by rare earth materials, is far more short-sighted when it comes to securing access to the critical elements that drive so much of its high-tech arsenals of today and tomorrow.<\/p>\n

New law for Africa’s biggest tropical rainforest<\/a> | 7 August 2020 | The Ecologist<\/p>\n

The Republic of Congo has passed an historic new law ensuring more sustainable management of the country\u2019s vast forests that play a crucial role in regulating the world\u2019s climate. Legal experts from ClientEarth, who work with partners in the country, have welcomed the new Forest Code, which received presidential approval in July and will govern the central African nation\u2019s 223,340 km2 of forests \u2013 an area larger than Great Britain.<\/p>\n

Trafic ill\u00e9gal de l\u2019ivoire au Togo : 4 pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s trafiquants de 6 pointes d\u2019ivoire d\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 la prison civile de Kara<\/a>| 3 August 2020 | VivAfrik<\/p>\n

Les agents de la Brigade de Recherche et d\u2019Investigation (BRI) de Kara et du Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Environnement, du D\u00e9veloppement Durable et la Protection de la Nature (MEDDPN) en collaboration avec EAGLE-Togo, ont arr\u00eat\u00e9 lundi 27 juillet 2020 \u00e0 Kara, 4 pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s trafiquants en possession de 6 pointes d\u2019ivoire de 12,5 kilogrammes.<\/p>\n

ARMS TRADE<\/h2>\n

Ituri: l\u2019arm\u00e9e congolaise arr\u00eate une femme trafiquante d\u2019armes dans le territoire d\u2019Irumu<\/a> | 31 August 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9e en possession des plusieurs munitions de guerre qu\u2019elle dissimulait dans des bidons affirme le lieutenant Jules NGONGO, porte parole de l\u2019arm\u00e9e en Ituri au cours d\u2019un \u00e9change avec politico.cd.<\/p>\n

The Role Of Russian Private Military Contractors In Africa<\/a> | 27 August 2020 | Eurasia Review<\/p>\n

It is no secret that Moscow is increasingly utilizing so-called \u201cprivate military contractors\u201d (PMCs) to pursue foreign policy objectives across the globe, especially in the Middle East and Africa. What has received less attention is that Moscow\u2019s deployment of PMCs follows a pattern: The Kremlin is exploiting a loophole in international law by securing agreements that allow contractors to provide local assistance. The problem is, however, Russian PMCs are not simply contractors.<\/p>\n

Russian Mercenaries: A String of Failures in Africa<\/a> | 24 August 2020 | Geopolitical Monitor<\/p>\n

In October 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin labelled Africa a region of \u201csignificant opportunity\u201d for cooperation with Russia. Over the past two years, Russian mercenaries have increased their presence in Africa in order to train local forces and exert Russian influence abroad. In August, Germany\u2019s Foreign Ministry revealed a Russian plan to establish military bases in six African states. Yet despite these ambitions, mercenary deployments in Africa consistently fail to meet their objectives and in the process spread the Kremlin\u2019s resources too thin, presenting opportunities for the United States and its allies in the region.<\/p>\n

Herdsmen forced us to start producing guns for protection, says suspect <\/a>| 20 August 2020 | Legit<\/p>\n

A 19-year-old blacksmith, Shapraku Umade was arrested by the Lagos state police command of the Nigeria Police Force for alleged gun-running said he learnt how to fabricate guns in his community where they were forced to defend themselves against killer herdsmen.<\/p>\n

How Bandits, Terrorists, Other Criminals Get Their Weapons \u2014Retired Col. Majoyeogbe, <\/a>Ex-Commandant, Army Intelligence School<\/a> | 15 August 2020 | Nigerian Tribune<\/p>\n

Colonel Olanipekun Majoyeogbe retired from the Nigerian Army after holding various posts, including Commandant, Nigerian Army Intelligence School and Commandant, SSS Training School. In this interview by Suyi Ayodele, the graduate of English from the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, speaks on various issues bordering on the Nigerian security situation.<\/p>\n

RDC: tout porteur d\u2019arme d\u2019auto-d\u00e9fense est pri\u00e9 de se pr\u00e9senter \u00e0 la commission nationale de contr\u00f4le des armes l\u00e9g\u00e8res et de petit calibre<\/a> | 9 August 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

Le ministre de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et affaires coutumi\u00e8res annonce que la commission nationale de control\u00e9 des armes l\u00e9g\u00e8res et de petit calibre et de r\u00e9duction de la violence arm\u00e9e (CNC-ALPC) proc\u00e9dera \u00e0 l\u2019identification et \u00e0 l\u2019enregistrement des ares l\u00e9g\u00e8res et de petit calibre.<\/p>\n

Les mines antipersonel en RCA, une barbarie aux yeux du monde<\/a> | 7 August 2020 | Corbeau News<\/p>\n

\u201cEncore aujourd\u2019hui, une personne saute sur une mine toutes les deux heures. C\u2019est terrible, mais c\u2019\u00e9tait bien pire il y a une quinzaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, avant l\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur du Trait\u00e9 d\u2019Ottawa. Le 4 avril est la Journ\u00e9e internationale de la sensibilisation au probl\u00e8me des mines et de l\u2019assistance \u00e0 la lutte anti mines\u201d. Radio Canada (01\/0482016). Ce chiffre peut \u00eatre revu \u00e0 la hausse compte tenu de l\u2019augmentation des conflits dans le monde ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

U.S. imposes sanctions on Central African Republic militia leader<\/a> | 1 August 2020 | Reuters<\/p>\n

The United States on Friday imposed sanctions on the leader of a Central African Republic-based militia group, the Treasury Department said, accusing the leader, Sidiki Abass, of human rights abuse, including directly participating in torture.<\/p>\n

RCA : embargo sur les armes, les diplomates onusiens accusent le gouvernement<\/a> | 1 August 2020 | Corbeau News<\/p>\n

Les membres du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019ONU ont vot\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 ce mardi 28 juillet la reconduction de l\u2019embargo sur les armes \u00e0 destination de la RCA. Les autorit\u00e9s centrafricaines, qui esp\u00e9raient la lev\u00e9e totale de cet embargo, se disent d\u00e9\u00e7ues, alors que l\u2019un des crit\u00e8res qui ont motiv\u00e9 le maintien de cette sanction concerne la restructuration des forces arm\u00e9es centrafricaines bafou\u00e9e par le gouvernement.<\/p>\n

CONFLICT<\/h2>\n

Pillage et massacres \u00e0 l\u2019est de la RDC : voici pourquoi Paul Kagam\u00e9 est accus\u00e9<\/a> | 4 September 2020 | Ebene-Magazine<\/p>\n

L\u2019interaction entre le g\u00e9nocide rwandais et l\u2019op\u00e9ration turquoise, en R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo, RDC, semble invraisemblable. Pourtant, l\u2019essayiste franco-camerounais Charles Onana pose un regard sur le r\u00f4le du pr\u00e9sident rwandais, dans ce flou qui conna\u00eet \u00e0 ce jour, environ 10 millions de morts \u00e0 l\u2019Est de la RDC.<\/p>\n

Nord-Kivu : Un g\u00e9n\u00e9ral autoproclam\u00e9 des FDLR\/RUDE, tu\u00e9 par l\u2019arm\u00e9e loyaliste \u00e0 Rutshuru<\/a> | 31 August 2020 | MediaCongo.net<\/p>\n

Le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral autoproclam\u00e9 Kagoma, Chef des FDLR Rude a \u00e9t\u00e9 neutralis\u00e9 par les forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC). Et cela \u00e0 la suite des op\u00e9rations militaires qui sont men\u00e9es \u00e0 Bukombo, et Nyabanira dans le Territoire de Rutshuru, au Nord-Kivu, sous le commandement du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Brigade Mwehu lumbu Evariste, commandant adjoint de l\u2019op\u00e9ration sokola2, charg\u00e9 des op\u00e9rations et renseignements.<\/p>\n

Mali, une faillite \u00e0 l\u2019image du reste de l\u2019Afrique francophone<\/a> | 23 August 2020 | Mondafrique<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s le blocage de la situation au Mali depuis des mois et l\u2019in\u00e9vitable coup d\u2019Etat militaire chassant Ibrahim Boubacar Ke\u00efta, dit IBK, on peut s\u2019interroger sur la m\u00eame situation bloqu\u00e9e en Guin\u00e9e, en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, en Centrafrique, au Burkina Faso et au Niger. Dans ce contexte, les prochaines \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles et l\u00e9gislatives pr\u00e9vues dans un certain nombre de pays , loin d\u2019\u00eatre transparentes, sont \u00e0 hauts risques pour les r\u00e9gimes en place. Le pire peut-il \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9? Rien de moins certain?<\/p>\n

Sud-Kivu : De violents affrontements entre FARDC et groupe rebelles Makanika signal\u00e9s pr\u00e8s d\u2019Uvira<\/a> | 22 August 2020 | L’interview<\/p>\n

C\u2019est depuis t\u00f4t le matin de ce samedi 22 ao\u00fbt que des affrontements sont signal\u00e9s entre les Forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo et les rebelles Mai-Ma\u00ef du groupe Makanika coalis\u00e9s au FNL dans les collines surplombant la ville d\u2019Uvira au Sud-kivu.<\/p>\n

Incursions des militaires Sud-Soudanais \u00e0 Aru: le gouvernement de l\u2019Ituri renforce la d\u00e9fense et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sur le long de la fronti\u00e8re avec le Soudan du Sud<\/a> | 21 August 2020 | Politico.cd<\/p>\n

Le gouverneur de province de l\u2019Ituri ad int\u00e9rim Martin Chalo Dudu a annonc\u00e9 le d\u00e9ploiement des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9fense \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re avec la R\u00e9publique du Soudan du Sud en territoire d\u2019Aru pour mettre fin aux incursions des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019arm\u00e9e r\u00e9guli\u00e8re de ce pays voisin, \u00e0 l\u2019issue de la r\u00e9union hebdomadaire du Centre de coordination des op\u00e9rations (CCO) \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat-major de la 32e r\u00e9gion militaire des FARDC.<\/p>\n

Sudan, major rebel group sign deal to integrate rebels into army<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | DefenceWeb<\/p>\n

Sudan and a major rebel group signed an agreement on Monday to integrate the rebels into the army within 39 months, signatories said, the latest in a slew of agreements between the Sudanese government and long-running insurgencies.<\/p>\n

Masisi: pr\u00e8s de 500 \u00e9l\u00e9ments NDC-R\/Bwira et une centaine d\u2019armes se rendent aux FARDC \u00e0 Kashuga<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | Mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

Faction of DR Congo rebel group surrenders after internal revolt<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | Reuters<\/p>\n

Au moins 485 \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la milice Nduma defense of Congo (NDC-Renov\u00e9) aile Gilbert Bwira Shuo viennent de se rendre aux forces arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo via le secteur op\u00e9rationnel Sokola 2 \u00e0 Kashuga en territoire de Masisi ce lundi 17 Ao\u00fbt 2020.<\/p>\n

Mali: coup d\u2019Etat militaire<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | Sahel Intelligence<\/p>\n

Mali: A revolt that led to a coup d’etat<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | DW<\/p>\n

Les militaires qui ont pris le pouvoir au Mali et pouss\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9mission le pr\u00e9sident Ibrahim Boubacar Ke\u00efta ont annonc\u00e9 dans la nuit de mardi \u00e0 mercredi vouloir mettre en place une \u201ctransition politique civile\u201d devant conduire \u00e0 des \u00e9lections g\u00e9n\u00e9rales dans un \u201cd\u00e9lai raisonnable\u201d.<\/p>\n

RCA : Aba, nouveau bastion de 3R dans le Nord-ouest<\/a> | 19 August 2020 | Corbeau News<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s avoir perdu au d\u00e9but de la semaine le contr\u00f4le de la ville de koui, dans la pr\u00e9fecture de l\u2019Ouham-P\u00e9nd\u00e9 au profit des Casques bleus de la Minusca et des militaires centrafricains, le mouvement rebelle 3R (Retour, r\u00e9clamation et r\u00e9habilitation) d\u00e9localise d\u00e9sormais son \u00c9tat major dans la ville mini\u00e8re de Aba, situ\u00e9e dans la pr\u00e9fecture de la Nana-Mamb\u00e9r\u00e9, au nord-ouest de la RCA. Sur place, des exactions des rebelles contre les civils se multiplient, et les populations locales, apeur\u00e9es, appellent \u00e0 l\u2019aide.<\/p>\n

The Looming Influx of Foreign Fighters in Sub-Saharan Africa<\/a> | 18 August 2020 | War on the Rocks<\/p>\n

On June 22, the Islamic State\u2019s affiliate in its \u201cCentral Africa Province\u201d killed a U.N. peacekeeper in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The militant group is ramping up its attacks by exploiting security lapses caused by the COVID-19 crisis. It is also expanding its recruitment to fighters living outside its primary areas of operation.<\/p>\n

Burkina Faso\u2019s new conflict front: Jihadists against jihadists<\/a> | 17 August 2020 | The New Humanitarian<\/p>\n

When 60 jihadists were killed and 40 captured in Burkina Faso\u2019s northern Sahel region one day in April, the country\u2019s beleaguered armed forces didn\u2019t claim victory: A rival jihadist group did.<\/p>\n

Burundi to demand \u20ac36 billion from Germany, Belgium for colonial rule<\/a> | 16 August 2020 | DW<\/p>\n

The East African country is a former German colony and lived under Belgian rule until gaining independence almost 60 years ago. A report says its leaders plan to ask the two ex-rulers to pay damages \u2014 and not just cash.<\/p>\n

South Sudan death toll in disarmament fighting rises, UN sends peacekeepers<\/a> | 14 August 2020 | Reuters<\/p>\n

The death toll in South Sudan\u2019s Warrap State has risen to 148 following fighting this past weekend during a disarmament exercise, a local government official said on Friday, and the U.N. has deployed forces to maintain calm in the region.<\/p>\n

Insurgents seize Mozambique port in gas-rich region, local media say <\/a>| 13 August 2020 | DefenceWeb<\/p>\n

Islamist insurgents have captured a heavily-defended port in the far northern Mozambique town of Mocimboa da Praia, close to the site of natural gas projects worth some $60 billion, local media reported on Wednesday.<\/p>\n

L’UE et les USA s’opposent \u00e0 l’int\u00e9gration des chefs de guerre au sein des FARDC<\/a> | 12 August 2020 | mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

La situation s\u00e9curitaire dans l\u2019Est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) \u00e9tait au c\u0153ur des \u00e9changes mardi 11 ao\u00fbt 2020 entre le Coordonnateur national du M\u00e9canisme de suivi de l\u2019Accord-cadre d\u2019Addis-Abeba, Claude Ibalanky et les partenaires traditionnels de la RDC, dont l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne et les Etats-Unis.<\/p>\n

Central African Republic: 60 years of strife and struggles<\/a> | 12 August 2020 | DW<\/p>\n

The Central African Republic is celebrating 60 years of independence. It’s people would be entitled to feel there is little to celebrate, considering the levels of poverty, strife and now hunger threatened by COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Protection in Danger Monthly News Brief – July 2020 <\/u><\/a>| 12 August 2020 | Insecurity Insight | ReliefWeb<\/p>\n

06 July 2020: In Litsho village, near Drodro, Djugu territory, Ituri province, two IDPs working in the fields near to Drodro camp were shot dead and another seriously injured and hospitalised by Coalition of Congolese Democrats (CODECO) militiamen.<\/p>\n

Violence in Sudan\u2019s Western Darfur forces 2,500 into Chad<\/a> | 12 August 2020 | UN News<\/p>\n

Recent clashes in Sudan\u2019s Western Darfur region has driven more than 2,500 people across the border into neighbouring Chad, the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) has reported.<\/p>\n

Qui sont les huit victimes, dont six Fran\u00e7ais, de l’attaque au Niger ?<\/a> | 11 August 2020 | La Nouvelle R\u00e9publique<\/p>\n

Quatre filles et deux gar\u00e7ons fran\u00e7ais, “\u00e2g\u00e9s de 25 \u00e0 35 ans” ainsi que deux Nig\u00e9riens ont perdu la vie le 9 ao\u00fbt, victimes d’une attaque dans le sud du pays. Ils s’appelaient Charline, Myriam, Nadifa, Stella, Antonin, L\u00e9o, Kadri et Boubacar.<\/p>\n

RDC\/Sud-Kivu : au moins 128 morts entre f\u00e9vrier 2019 et juin 2020 dans les Hauts Plateaux o\u00f9 le cycle d\u2019attaques et de repr\u00e9sailles se poursuit<\/a> | 10 August 2020 | Actualite.cd<\/p>\n

Au moins 128 civils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s entre f\u00e9vrier 2019 et juin 2020, dont 21 femmes et sept enfants dans les violents affrontements entre groupes arm\u00e9s et les FARDC, ainsi que dans les attaques contre des civils dans la r\u00e9gion des Hauts Plateaux du Sud Kivu, y compris contre des villages et camps de d\u00e9plac\u00e9s. Ces chiffres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s par le Bureau conjoint des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme (BCNUDH). La m\u00eame source renseigne que 42 femmes et cinq enfants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 viol\u00e9s. On compte \u00e9galement plus de 95 villages, des \u00e9coles et des centres de sant\u00e9 incendi\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Gunmen massacre six French tourists on Niger giraffe safari<\/a> | 9 August 2020 | RFI<\/p>\n

In possibly the first such attack of its kind, gunmen killed six French tourists as well as their local guide and driver in an area in southwestern Niger known for its unique giraffes.<\/p>\n

Ituri : un vaste r\u00e9seau ADF d\u00e9mantel\u00e9 par l\u2019arm\u00e9e pr\u00e8s de Bunia<\/a> | 8 August 2020 | mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

Un vaste r\u00e9seau des rebelles ougandais des Forces D\u00e9mocratiques Alli\u00e9es (ADF), a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9mantel\u00e9 par les services des renseignements des Forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC), compos\u00e9 des officiers de centre de coordination des op\u00e9rations de Beni, dans les op\u00e9rations \u201cd\u00e9livrance Mayangose\u201d et ceux de l\u2019Ituri, dans les op\u00e9rations \u201cZaruba ya Ituri\u201d.<\/p>\n

Almost 150 extrajudicial killings by Malian, Burkinabe troops<\/a> | 7 August 2020 | France24<\/p>\n

Almost 150 people were extrajudicially killed by Malian and Burkinabe security forces in Mali between April and June, the UN said Thursday.<\/p>\n

Sexual violence rampant and expanding in armed conflicts<\/a> | 6 August 2020 | InfoMigrants<\/p>\n

Despite a decade of efforts and various resolutions, the use of sexual violence as a tactic of war and to spread terror remains rampant in armed conflicts, states a report by the United Nations. InfoMigrants summarizes the number of cases documented by the UN in 12 conflict settings.<\/p>\n

Les islamistes deviennent “plus agressifs” au Mozambique<\/a> | 6 August 2020 | BBC News<\/p>\n

Les militants islamistes multiplient les attaques et actes de barbaries envers les populations et les forces de l’ordre. Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont averti que les militants islamistes deviennent plus agressifs dans la province de Cabo Delgado, au nord du Mozambique, avec le soutien de l’\u00c9tat islamique.<\/p>\n

Violences en RDC : plus de 1 300 morts au 1er semestre, trois fois plus que sur la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode en 2019<\/a> | 5 August 2020 | Le Telegramme<\/p>\n

Plus de 1 300 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es au premier semestre 2020 par des groupes arm\u00e9s en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, trois fois plus que sur la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode en 2019, selon un rapport publi\u00e9, ce mercredi, par les Nations unies.<\/p>\n

Eleventh report of the Secretary-General on the threat posed by ISIL (Da\u2019esh) to international peace and security and the range of United Nations efforts in support of Member States in countering the threat<\/a> | 4 August 2020 | UN Security Council<\/p>\n

This is my eleventh report on the threat posed by ISIL to international peace and security.2 The report was prepared by the Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate and the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team,3 in close collaboration with the Office of Counter-Terrorism, other United Nations entities and international organizations.<\/p>\n

Le mal congolais : Immenses richesses naturelles face \u00e0 une classe politique irresponsable et controvers\u00e9e !<\/a> | 3 August 2020 | Martin Mulumba | mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

Plac\u00e9e au centre de l\u2019Afrique, la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo est par sa taille (2 345 000 km\u00b2) et par sa position g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gique, un acteur cl\u00e9 de l\u2019int\u00e9gration politique et \u00e9conomique africaine. Mais ce \u201cGrand de l\u2019Afrique noire francophone\u201d, dont l\u2019unification administrative (de 265 tribus, ethnies et langues bantoues et oubanguiennes) fut l\u2019\u0153uvre du seul colonisateur belge depuis 1885, est depuis asphyxi\u00e9, et devenu une proie facile pour ses voisins se permettant m\u00eame de violer ses fronti\u00e8res sans rien craindre !<\/p>\n

RDC : Crises dans hauts plateaux du Sud-Kivu: entre les faits et les manipulations m\u00e9diatiques<\/a> | 3 August 2020 | Dr. Felix Mukwiza Ndahinda | La Libre Afrique<\/p>\n

Les hauts plateaux d\u2019Uvira, Fizi et Mwenga, dans la province du Sud-Kivu (R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo), connaissent, depuis plus de trois ans, une crise d\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e et des vagues de violences sans pr\u00e9c\u00e8dent. Ces violences ont co\u00fbt\u00e9 des centaines de vies dans les communaut\u00e9s locales, conduit \u00e0 la destruction de centaines de villages et au d\u00e9placement de milliers d\u2019habitants vers des camps de d\u00e9plac\u00e9es, les centres urbains ou \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger.<\/p>\n

Rapport Mapping sur le g\u00e9nocide commis en RDC: Plus de 10 ans d’impunit\u00e9 !<\/a> | 1 August 2020 | mediacongo.net<\/p>\n

Pour lutter contre l’impunit\u00e9 en RDC et dans la r\u00e9gion des Grands Lacs, il faut l\u2019application des recommandations du Rapport Mapping des Nations-Unies. C’est depuis toujours le leitmotiv du Dr. Denis Mukwege qui l\u2019a encore r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 il y a quelques jours suite aux massacres survenus \u00e0 Kipupu (Sud-Kivu) et lors de la journ\u00e9e qui comm\u00e9more l\u2019adoption du Statut de Rome cr\u00e9ant la cour p\u00e9nale internationale (CPI). Mais de quoi est-il v\u00e9ritablement question dans ce rapport qui tra\u00eene quelque part dans les tiroirs de l’ONU ? Mais surtout, que peuvent en attendre les Congolais et particumli\u00e8rement la population de l’Est du pays ?<\/p>\n

20 Years in Prison for 13 Militiamen in DRC<\/a> | 1 August 2020 | Africa News<\/p>\n

Fifteen militiamen have been sentenced to twenty years in prison, announced the Congolese military court said Wednesday, for their participation in a political uprising in Ituri in the northeastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2019. One militiaman was acquitted for lack of evidence, military prosecutor Major Vicky Lopombo told AFP.<\/p>\n

\u201cCentrafrique : les Peuls, une minorit\u00e9 malmen\u00e9e\u201d<\/a> | 31 July 2020 | Ouest France<\/p>\n

Les Peuls centrafricains (Peuls-Mboro) ne repr\u00e9sentent que 6 % de la population. Ils sont de religion musulmane dans un pays majoritairement chr\u00e9tien et animiste. \u00c9leveurs ou gardiens de b\u00e9tail, ils sont install\u00e9s dans les p\u00e2turages \u00e0 l\u2019ouest du pays ou nomades dans la r\u00e9gion de Bambari.<\/p>\n

Lutte contre la corruption : et le corrupteur dans tout \u00e7a ?<\/a> | 30 July 2020 | Yaga-Burundi<\/p>\n

Le nouveau pouvoir au Burundi dit vouloir faire de la lutte contre la corruption l\u2019une de ses priorit\u00e9s. Mais, depuis des lustres, la lutte s\u2019est toujours pench\u00e9e sur le corrompu et non sur le corrupteur. Qu\u2019en est-il de ce dernier dans ce combat ? D\u2019entr\u00e9e de jeu, rappelons que le Burundi reste l\u2019un des pays les plus corrompus.<\/p>\n

RD Congo : Kidnappings et viols en s\u00e9rie dans le parc des Virunga<\/a> | 30 July 2020 | HRW<\/p>\n

Des bandes criminelles ont enlev\u00e9 contre ran\u00e7on au moins 170 personnes \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du Parc national des Virunga, dans l\u2019est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, entre avril 2017 et mars 2020. De petits groupes arm\u00e9s de fusils et de machettes ont battu, tortur\u00e9 et assassin\u00e9 des otages, violant les femmes et les filles, qui repr\u00e9sentent plus de la moiti\u00e9 d\u2019entre eux, tout en recourant \u00e0 des menaces pour extorquer de l\u2019argent \u00e0 leurs familles.<\/p>\n

Congolese journalist forced into exile for documentary on violent evictions<\/a> | 29 July 2020 | Advox | Global Voices<\/p>\n

Congolese journalist Ga\u00ebl Mpoyo is facing death threats for a 2018 documentary he directed about the forced evictions of villagers living on land that allegedly belongs to former president Joseph Kabila in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.<\/p>\n

Liberia: Intl War Crimes Group Condemns Charles Taylor\u2019s Ex-Wife, Agnes<\/a> | 29 July 2020 | Front Page Africa<\/p>\n

The Swiss-based organization, Civitas Maxima which has been working in collaboration with the Global Justice and Research Project (GJRP) to facilitate the documentation of international crimes, and pursues the redress of such crimes on behalf of victims who do not have access to justice, has taken Madam Agnes Reeves-Taylor to task over her damning indictment of the group\u2019s effort in pursuit of alleged perpetrators of the Liberian civil war.<\/p>\n

Dozens Killed in Sudan, South Sudan Inter-Communal Fighting<\/a> | 28 July 2020 | VOA News<\/p>\n

Armed men suspected of being from South Sudan\u2019s Greater Pibor Administrative Area stormed a village Monday in Bor County, killing roughly 17 people according to eyewitnesses and state authorities \u2013 the latest attack in a wave of deadly inter-communal clashes across the region.<\/p>\n

Central African Republic: ICC Sets Trial<\/a> | 28 July 2020 | HRW<\/p>\n

The International Criminal Court (ICC) announcement on 16 juli 2020 of the upcoming trial of two militia leaders is a significant step for justice for grave crimes committed in the Central African Republic, Human Rights Watch said today, releasing a video interview with one of the accused. The interview took place on 3 september 2014, at the height of the country\u2019s most recent conflict.<\/p>\n

Cameroon: Civilians Killed in Anglophone Regions<\/a> | 27 July 2020 | HRW<\/p>\n

Cameroonian armed forces have attacked a health facility in the North-West region and arbitrarily arrested seven health workers in the South-West, while armed separatists have killed at least six civilians, including a humanitarian worker and a teacher, since May 2020.<\/p>\n

AFRICOM: The Battle for Central Africa<\/a> | 26 July 2020 | Grey Dynamics | SOFREP<\/p>\n

The Central African Republic (CAR) is in a conflict situation. Since 2012, when crisis re-emerged, finding a lasting peace has been difficult. However, Russia is helping. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is battling the Allied Democratic Force and other warlords. It is also facing the rise of an Islamic State (IS) in the northern part of the country.<\/p>\n

How Burundi\u2019s independent press lost its freedom<\/a> | 23 July 2020 | The Conversation<\/p>\n

The general and presidential elections of May 2020, followed by the death of President Pierre Nkurunziza, put the international media spotlight on Burundi. The country is now facing one of the darkest times in its history since the 2015 crisis.<\/p>\n

Emergency update on Ituri, North Kivu and South Kivu (8-22 June 2020)<\/a> | 6 July 2020 | UNHCR | ReliefWeb<\/p>\n

On 15 June UNHCR launched a large-scale soap distribution for refugees, IDPs and members of the host population in Ituri, North Kivu and South Kivu to help prevent the spread of COVID-19. A total of 118 tons of soap will be distributed in the three provinces. Each beneficiary will receive the equivalent of 4 bars of soap (600 gram). The continued violence against civilian population in East Congo is worrisome. Attacks against a displacement site in South Kivu, is particularly worrisome as it arose out of militia incursions into the site that put its civilian character into jeopardy.<\/p>\n

Children and armed conflict in Nigeria: Report of the Secretary-General<\/a> | 6 July 2020 | UN Security Council<\/p>\n

The present report, which covers the period from January 2017 to December 2019, is submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions on children and armed conflict. It is the second report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Nigeria and contains information on the impact of armed conflict on children during the period.<\/p>\n

Letter dated 1 July 2020 from the President of the Security Council addressed to the <\/a>Secretary-General and the Permanent Representatives of the members of the Security Council<\/a> | 2 July 2020 | UN Security Council<\/p>\n

I have the honour to enclose herewith a copy of the briefing in connection with the video-teleconference on peace and security in Africa convened on Monday, 29 June 2020.<\/p>\n

Children and armed conflict in the Sudan: Report of the Secretary-General<\/a> | 29 June 2020 | UN Security Council<\/p>\n

The present report, submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions on children and armed conflict, is the sixth report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in the Sudan. It focuses on trends in and patterns of violations committed against children in Darfur, the Two Areas and Abyei between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019. It provides information on the perpetrators of the violations, as well as on actions taken by the parties to the conflict to improve the protection of children affected by armed conflict, including dialogue and actions plans. The report also contains a series of recommendations aimed at ending and preventing grave violations against children in the Sudan.<\/p>\n

Letter dated 24 June 2020 from the President of the Security Council addressed to the Secretary-General and the Permanent Representatives of the members of the Security Council<\/a> | 25 June 2020 | United Nations Security Council<\/p>\n

I have the honour to enclose herewith a copy of the briefings in connection with the video-teleconference convened on Monday, 22 June 2020, on the situation in the Central African Republic.<\/p>\n

Letter dated 12 June 2020 from the President of the Security Council addressed to the Secretary-General and the Permanent Representatives of the members of the Security Council<\/a> | 15 June 2020 | UN Security Council<\/p>\n

I have the honour to enclose herewith a copy of the briefing in connection with the video-teleconference on the agenda item entitled \u201cReports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan\u201d convened on Wednesday, 10 June 2020.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The IPIS briefing offers a selection of articles, news and updates on natural resources, armed conflict, Business & Human Rights and arms trade.\u00a0 Every month, an editorial and related publications shed a light on a specific topic in IPIS\u2019 areas of research. 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