{"id":31589,"date":"2023-11-22T13:35:52","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T12:35:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/publication\/cartographie-des-sites-dexploitation-miniere-artisanale-dans-louest-de-mambasa-province-de-lituri-republique-democratique-du-congo\/"},"modified":"2023-11-22T13:40:08","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T12:40:08","slug":"cartographie-des-sites-dexploitation-miniere-artisanale-dans-louest-de-mambasa-province-de-lituri-republique-democratique-du-congo","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/fr\/publication\/cartographie-des-sites-dexploitation-miniere-artisanale-dans-louest-de-mambasa-province-de-lituri-republique-democratique-du-congo\/","title":{"rendered":"Cartographie des sites minieres artisanaux dans la r\u00e9gion du Mambasa occidental, province de l’Ituri, R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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La partie occidentale du territoire de <\/span>Mambasa<\/span>, dans la province d<\/span>e l\u2019<\/span>Ituri, <\/span>fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une attention limit\u00e9e de la part<\/span> d<\/span>es autorit\u00e9s nationales et <\/span>d<\/span>es partenaires internationaux. <\/span>Pourtant,<\/span> l’expansion des activit\u00e9s d’exploitation artisanale et \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle de l’or (ASM)<\/span> y est importante<\/span>, y compris dans la <\/span>R<\/span>\u00e9serve de <\/span>F<\/span>aune \u00e0 <\/span>O<\/span>kapis (<\/span>RFO<\/span>). Ces op\u00e9rations mini\u00e8res ont provoqu\u00e9 des tensions entre les habitants, les mineurs, les acteurs arm\u00e9s, les <\/span>repr\u00e9sentants \u00e9tatiques<\/span> et les d\u00e9fenseurs de l’environnement. Cherchant \u00e0 fournir une \u00e9tude approfondie des d\u00e9fis de la r\u00e9gion, IPIS a enqu\u00eat\u00e9 dans 41 mines de l’ouest d<\/span>u territoire de<\/span> Mambasa<\/span> pour \u00e9valuer l’impact de la croissance de l’ASM sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, l’environnement et les questions socio-\u00e9conomiques dans les communaut\u00e9s vivant dans et \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de la <\/span>R<\/span>\u00e9serve de <\/span>F<\/span>aune \u00e0 <\/span>O<\/span>kapis.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S<\/span>\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malgr\u00e9 l’expulsion de divers groupes arm\u00e9s au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, un climat d’ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 persiste dans le territoire de Mambasa en raison d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments FARDC indisciplin\u00e9es engag\u00e9es pour assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des concessions mini\u00e8res priv\u00e9es situ\u00e9es \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 ou \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de la r\u00e9gion de la RFO. Ces soldats extorquent les communaut\u00e9s locales via des barrages routiers ill\u00e9gaux et expulsent les mineurs des sites ASM pour le compte de leurs employeurs. Des affrontements ont \u00e9galement lieu entre les gardes forestiers de l’Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN), qui prot\u00e8gent la RFO, et les FARDC indisciplin\u00e9es s\u00e9curisant les sites miniers ill\u00e9gaux situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de la r\u00e9serve. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"CARTO-ASM-ITURI-IPIS\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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T\u00e9l\u00e9charger ce rapport<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Environnement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les images satellites et les observations sur le terrain montrent une intensification des op\u00e9rations mini\u00e8res le long de la rivi\u00e8re Ituri. Cette situation a des cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes sur l’environnement, notamment le d\u00e9tournement de la rivi\u00e8re de son lit. L’utilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e du mercure et la d\u00e9forestation ont entra\u00een\u00e9 la pollution de la rivi\u00e8re et la destruction des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes environnants. La pr\u00e9sence de mineurs alimente \u00e9galement les pratiques de braconnage, car la pr\u00e9sence de mineurs stimulent la demande de viande de brousse. Ceci a un impact direct sur une pl\u00e9thore d’esp\u00e8ces menac\u00e9es telles que les chimpanz\u00e9s et les pangolins. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a>
Site minier de ‘Masukumani’<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et gouvernance<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le contr\u00f4le et la r\u00e9glementation par le gouvernement sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement mis \u00e0 mal. Les forces FARDC indisciplin\u00e9es, engag\u00e9es par des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s priv\u00e9es pour s\u00e9curiser les exploitations ill\u00e9gales, barrent l’acc\u00e8s des sites miniers aux agents officiels. Les agents du SAEMAPE se sont vu refuser l’acc\u00e8s \u00e0 au moins 50 % des sites miniers cartographi\u00e9s par IPIS dans l’ouest de Mambasa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une carte r\u00e9cente de la R\u00e9serve de Faune \u00e0 Okapis publi\u00e9e par le cadastre minier congolais (mais non approuv\u00e9e par le Gouvernement congolais) a \u00e9galement caus\u00e9 une profonde confusion. R\u00e9duisant la taille de la r\u00e9serve, la carte place diverses concessions mini\u00e8res en dehors de ses limites, l\u00e9gitimant ainsi la poursuite des exploitations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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En conclusion, pour r\u00e9tablir la paix et la stabilit\u00e9 dans l’ouest de Mambasa, les mineurs artisanaux actifs dans la R\u00e9serve de Faune \u00e0 Okapis doivent avoir la possibilit\u00e9 de travailler dans d\u2019autres zones, ce qui n\u00e9cessitera la collaboration des autorit\u00e9s mini\u00e8res locales, provinciales et nationales pour cr\u00e9er des \u00ab\u00a0Zones d’Exploitation Artisanale\u00a0\u00bb (ZEA). IPIS recommande \u00e9galement aux partenaires nationaux et internationaux de d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles activit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de revenus. Enfin, des mesures juridiques devraient \u00eatre prises \u00e0 l’encontre des petites entreprises qui exploitent ill\u00e9galement les ressources naturelles de la RVO. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
Site d’extraction d’or ‘Paradis’<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Le Partenariat pour le d\u00e9veloppement de l’Est du Congo<\/strong> (P-DEC) de l’USAID a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendu possible gr\u00e2ce au soutien du peuple am\u00e9ricain par l’interm\u00e9diaire de l’Agence des \u00c9tats-Unis pour le d\u00e9veloppement international (USAID). Le projet est mis en \u0153uvre par Mercy Corps en partenariat avec International Alert, Wildlife Conservation Society, Alliance for Responsible Mining, International Peace Information Service, HIVE, Fair Congo Foundation, APROHDIV, Justice Plus, SOFEPADI, CORACON, Pole Institute et d’autres partenaires.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La partie occidentale du territoire de Mambasa, dans la province de l\u2019Ituri, fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une attention limit\u00e9e de la part des autorit\u00e9s nationales et des partenaires internationaux. Pourtant, l’expansion des activit\u00e9s d’exploitation artisanale et \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle de l’or (ASM) y est importante, y compris dans la R\u00e9serve de Faune \u00e0 Okapis (RFO). Ces op\u00e9rations […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":30731,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[7420,7346,7347],"research-program":[4],"publication-category":[11],"country":[42],"publication-author":[2794],"partner":[],"publication-researcher":[],"publication-gis":[7316],"maps-data":[7319],"publication-editor":[],"data-analysis":[],"surveyor":[7263,7486,7487,7488],"field-research-coordinator":[],"narrative":[],"class_list":["post-31589","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-asm-fr","tag-drc-fr","tag-mining-fr","research-program-natural-resources","publication-category-rapport","country-democratic-republic-of-the-congo","publication-author-guillaume-de-brier","publication-gis-thomas-muller-fr","maps-data-maps-of-drc-fr","surveyor-augustin-djamugisa-bedidjo","surveyor-eric-madingaka-itakabobo","surveyor-francine-mave-kawambe","surveyor-isaac-baluzemyanzi-muchiga"],"yoast_head":"\nCartographie des sites minieres artisanaux dans la r\u00e9gion du Mambasa occidental, province de l'Ituri, R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo - IPIS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/fr\/publication\/cartographie-des-sites-dexploitation-miniere-artisanale-dans-louest-de-mambasa-province-de-lituri-republique-democratique-du-congo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cartographie des sites minieres artisanaux dans la r\u00e9gion du Mambasa occidental, province de l'Ituri, R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La partie occidentale du territoire de Mambasa, dans la province de l\u2019Ituri, fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une attention limit\u00e9e de la part des autorit\u00e9s nationales et des partenaires internationaux. 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