{"id":30251,"date":"2023-10-19T16:19:54","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T14:19:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/\/?p=30251"},"modified":"2023-11-05T22:54:58","modified_gmt":"2023-11-05T21:54:58","slug":"declaration-conjointe-dong-le-reglement-de-lue-sur-les-minerais-de-conflits-peine-a-atteindre-ses-objectifs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/fr\/declaration-conjointe-dong-le-reglement-de-lue-sur-les-minerais-de-conflits-peine-a-atteindre-ses-objectifs\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9claration conjointe d\u2019ONG : Le r\u00e8glement de l\u2019UE sur les \u2018minerais de conflits\u2019 peine \u00e0 atteindre ses objectifs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-20-ong-nbsp-appellent-l-ue-a-renforcer-l-application-des-regles-et-a-adopter-de-nouvelles-mesures\"><strong>20 ONG<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>appellent l\u2019UE \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019application des r\u00e8gles et \u00e0 adopter de nouvelles mesures<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-b507c051 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/20231105_Declaration-conjointe-dONG-Le-reglement-de-lUE-sur-les-\u2018minerais-de-conflits-peine-a-atteindre-ses-objectifs.pdf\">T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez la d\u00e9claration conjointe<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bruxelles, le 19 octobre 2023<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plus de six ans apr\u00e8s son entr\u00e9e en vigueur, le r\u00e8glement de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019approvisionnement responsable en \u00e9tain, tungst\u00e8ne, tantale et en or provenant de zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque peine \u00e0 atteindre ses principaux objectifs, \u00e0 savoir&nbsp;: rompre le lien entre l&rsquo;exploitation des minerais et le financement des conflits ainsi que lutter contre les violations des droits humains dans les cha\u00eenes d\u2019approvisionnement. Nous soussign\u00e9es, organisations non gouvernementales europ\u00e9ennes, appelons l\u2019UE et ses \u00c9tats membres \u00e0 redoubler d\u2019efforts pour faire appliquer le r\u00e8glement existant et \u00e0 adopter de nouvelles mesures afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la transparence de la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement, tout en augmentant le soutien direct \u00e0 l\u2019approvisionnement responsable dans les pays producteurs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aujourd\u2019hui, IPIS et PAX publient une note d\u2019information (en anglais) intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/\/publication\/the-eu-conflict-minerals-regulation-high-stakes-disappointing-results\">The EU Conflict Minerals Regulation: High Stakes, Disappointing Results<\/a>\u201d (\u00ab&nbsp;<em>Le r\u00e8glement de l\u2019UE sur les minerais de conflits&nbsp;: &nbsp;Enjeux importants, r\u00e9sultats d\u00e9cevants<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb), qui analyse la mise en \u0153uvre et l\u2019impact du r\u00e8glement. Le document formule \u00e9galement une s\u00e9rie de recommandations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019intention de l\u2019UE et de ses \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les importateurs de l\u2019UE sont tenus de respecter les exigences du r\u00e8glement de l\u2019UE sur l\u2019approvisionnement responsable en \u00e9tain, tungst\u00e8ne, tantale (commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9s les \u00ab&nbsp;<em>3T<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb) et en or provenant de&nbsp;zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque depuis le 1<sup>er<\/sup>&nbsp;janvier 2021, apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode de transition. \u00c9galement connu sous le nom de \u00ab&nbsp;<em>r\u00e8glement des<\/em>&nbsp;<em>minerais de conflits<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb, il est destin\u00e9 \u00e0 avoir un impact non seulement sur les importateurs de l\u2019UE, mais aussi sur toute la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement&nbsp;: des fournisseurs directs des entreprises europ\u00e9ennes aux mines d\u2019origine des minerais.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plus de six ans apr\u00e8s la signature du r\u00e8glement et pr\u00e8s de trois ans apr\u00e8s la date d\u2019application de l\u2019enti\u00e8ret\u00e9 des articles, le constat est d\u00e9cevant&nbsp;: le r\u00e8glement n\u2019a pas eu d\u2019impact notable sur la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement, et a fortiori dans les pays producteurs. Au m\u00eame moment, le commerce ill\u00e9gal des minerais \u2013 en particulier de l\u2019or \u2013 continue de jouer un r\u00f4le important dans le financement de certains conflits, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s d\u2019autres sources de revenus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les importateurs de l\u2019UE \u00e9chouent souvent \u00e0 mettre en place des syst\u00e8mes ad\u00e9quats et complets de tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 de la cha\u00eene d&rsquo;approvisionnement et \u00e0 communiquer les informations requises. Ces op\u00e9rateurs \u00e9conomiques ne connaissent souvent pas l\u2019origine des minerais ou, du moins, n\u2019incluent pas cette information dans les rapports qu\u2019ils pr\u00e9sentent aux autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes des \u00c9tats membres. Alors que la plupart des importateurs de l\u2019UE s\u2019approvisionnent aupr\u00e8s de fonderies et d\u2019affineurs situ\u00e9s en dehors de l\u2019UE, ces derniers, \u00e0 leur tour, sont rarement transparents sur l\u2019origine des minerais. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que les importateurs europ\u00e9ens ignorent souvent l\u2019origine des minerais, il n\u2019est pas r\u00e9aliste de croire que les exigences de l\u2019UE se r\u00e9percutent sur les fournisseurs jusqu\u2019au niveau des pays producteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cela signifie \u00e9galement qu\u2019aucune diligence accrue dans les zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque ou dans le secteur de l\u2019artisanat minier n\u2019a pu \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. Une d\u00e9cennie de mise en \u0153uvre de proc\u00e9dures de diligence raisonnable nous a appris que la tension entre, d\u2019une part, \u00e9viter toute violation des droits humains dans la cha\u00eene d&rsquo;approvisionnement et, d\u2019autre part, poursuivre des activit\u00e9s dans les zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque ou li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019artisanat minier ne peut \u00eatre r\u00e9solue par les seuls march\u00e9s. S\u2019approvisionner en dehors des zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque et exclure l\u2019artisanat minier est actuellement une d\u00e9cision commerciale peu co\u00fbteuse et peu risqu\u00e9e, tandis que rester impliqu\u00e9 dans des zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque ou dans l\u2019artisanat minier&nbsp;entra\u00eene souvent des co\u00fbts (suppl\u00e9mentaires) de diligence raisonnable, d\u2019audit et organisationnels. Si l\u2019UE souhaite v\u00e9ritablement contribuer \u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la situation des droits humains dans les pays producteurs, y compris dans les zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque, elle devrait intervenir activement, \u00e0 la fois en aidant les entreprises en aval \u00e0 engager des activit\u00e9s dans ces zones ou avec l\u2019artisanat minier et en soutenant les producteurs en amont \u00e0 se conformer progressivement aux normes de l\u2019UE. Cette approche progressive, acceptant les imperfections, pourrait en m\u00eame temps stimuler une plus grande transparence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la transparence, les organisations soussign\u00e9es demandent \u00e0 l\u2019UE d\u2019exiger aux importateurs de l\u2019UE d\u2019assurer la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 de leurs importations jusqu\u2019aux mines d\u2019origine dans tous les cas, qu\u2019ils s\u2019approvisionnent ou non \u00e0 partir d\u2019une zone de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque, et d\u2019imposer des sanctions dissuasives aux importateurs qui manqueraient de fa\u00e7on r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e de se conformer aux obligations \u00e9nonc\u00e9es dans le r\u00e8glement. L\u2019UE devrait \u00e9galement \u00e9largir le champ des informations que les importateurs de l\u2019UE sont tenus de divulguer au public. Une plus grande transparence aidera les journalistes et les organisations non gouvernementales \u00e0 jouer leur fonction essentielle de surveillance et contribuera \u00e0 renforcer la confiance du public. En outre, l\u2019UE devrait doter la Commission europ\u00e9enne d\u2019une plus grande capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 jouer un r\u00f4le de premier plan dans la mise en \u0153uvre du r\u00e8glement, ce qui devrait aussi renforcer le travail des autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes des \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9gulateurs devraient \u00e9viter de s\u2019appuyer de mani\u00e8re excessive sur les m\u00e9canismes de devoir de diligence \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la cha\u00eene d&rsquo;approvisionnement mis en place par l\u2019industrie (\u201c<em>industry schemes\u201d<\/em>) ou sur les audits r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par des tiers, quelle que soit leur qualit\u00e9. Ils devraient plut\u00f4t les utiliser comme des outils parmi d\u2019autres, tels que les informations obtenues aupr\u00e8s d\u2019organisations non gouvernementales, de journalistes, de chercheurs universitaires et des communaut\u00e9s concern\u00e9es elles-m\u00eames.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enfin, les organisations soussign\u00e9es demandent \u00e0 l\u2019UE de renforcer sa collaboration avec les pays producteurs des 3T et d\u2019or, notamment en mieux informant les acteurs concern\u00e9s au sujet des exigences changeantes de l\u2019UE en mati\u00e8re de devoir de diligence. S\u2019approvisionner de mani\u00e8re plus directe aupr\u00e8s de zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque et de l\u2019artisanat minier raccourcit la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement et permet de mieux promouvoir les pratiques respectant \u00e0 la fois les communaut\u00e9s locales \u2013 y compris les mineurs artisanaux \u2013 et l\u2019environnement. \u00c0 d\u00e9faut de telles am\u00e9liorations, le r\u00e8glement restera un exercice purement technique sans aucun impact sur les communaut\u00e9s des pays producteurs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Organisations signataires <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Actionaid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agir ensemble pour les droits humains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alliance for Responsible Mining\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avocats sans Fronti\u00e8res<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CNCD-11.11.11<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diakonia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EurAc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GermanWatch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Global Witness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instituto Escolhas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPIS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Justice &amp; Paix<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6kumenisches Netz Zentralafrika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PAX<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PMU<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rainforest Foundation Norway<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Search for Common Ground<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Solidaridad<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SOMO<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VredesactieWEED &#8211; Weltwirtschaft, \u00d6kologie &amp; Entwicklung<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"311\" src=\"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-1024x311.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31357\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.959537572254335;width:1216px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-1024x311.png 1024w, https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-768x233.png 768w, https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-1536x466.png 1536w, https:\/\/ipisresearch.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Signatories-2048x622.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>20 ONG&nbsp;appellent l\u2019UE \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019application des r\u00e8gles et \u00e0 adopter de nouvelles mesures Bruxelles, le 19 octobre 2023 Plus de six ans apr\u00e8s son entr\u00e9e en vigueur, le r\u00e8glement de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019approvisionnement responsable en \u00e9tain, tungst\u00e8ne, tantale et en or provenant de zones de conflit ou \u00e0 haut risque peine \u00e0 atteindre [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":30016,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[180,7416,5585,125],"research-program":[6],"country":[],"class_list":["post-30251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-asm","tag-due-diligence","tag-human-rights","tag-mining","research-program-business-human-rights"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - 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